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Tribal art is the visual arts and material culture of indigenous peoples. Also known as ethnographic art, or, controversially, primitive art,〔Dutton, Denis, ''(Tribal Art )''. In Michael Kelly (editor), ''Encyclopedia of Aesthetics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.〕 tribal arts have historically been collected by Western anthropologists, private collectors, and museums, particularly ethnographic and natural history museums. The term "primitive" is criticized as being Eurocentric and pejorative.〔Perkins and Morphy 132〕 ==Description== Tribal art is often ceremonial or religious in nature.〔(Folk and Tribal Art ), Cultural Heritage, (Know India ).〕 Typically originating in rural areas, tribal art refers to the subject and craftsmanship of artefacts from tribal cultures. In museum collections, tribal art has three primary categories: * African art, especially arts of Sub-Saharan Africa * Art of the Americas〔Russel, James S. ("Glass Cube Dazzles at Boston MFA’s $345 Million Wing: Review." ) ''Bloomberg.'' 21 Nov 2010. Retrieved 11 Jan 2011.〕 * Oceanic art, originating notably from Australia, Melanesia, New Zealand, and Polynesia. Collection of tribal arts has historically been inspired by the Western myth of the "noble savage", and lack of cultural context has been a challenge with the Western mainstream public's perception of tribal arts.〔Perkins and Morphy 136〕 In the 19th century, non-western art was not seen by mainstream Western art professional as being as art at all.〔 The art world perception of tribal arts is becoming less paternalistic, as indigenous and non-indigenous advocates have struggled for more objective scholarship of tribal art. Before Post-Modernism emerged in the 1960s, art critics approached tribal arts from a purely formalist approach,〔Storr, Robert. ("Global Culture and the American Cosmos." ) ''Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts: Arts, Culture and Society.'' 1995. (retrieved 15 Nov 2011)〕 that is, responding only to the visual elements of the work and disregarding historical context, symbolism, or the artist's intention. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tribal art」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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